Diseases

Nephrolithiasis

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The process of forming a kidney stone, a stone in the kidney (or lower down in the urinary tract). Kidney Stones are a common cause of blood in the urine and pain in the abdomen, flank, or groin. ... The stones themselves are also called renal caluli.

SYMPTOMS

Severe pain in the side and back, below the ribs
Pain that radiates to the lower abdomen and groin
Pain that comes in waves and fluctuates in intensity
Pain on urination
Pink, red or brown urine
Cloudy or foul-smelling urine
Nausea and vomiting
Persistent need to urinate
Urinating more often than usual
Fever and chills if an infection is present
Urinating small amounts

CAUSES

Kidney stones often have no definite, single cause, although several factors may increase your risk.
Kidney stones form when your urine contains more crystal-forming substances — such as calcium, oxalate and uric acid — than the fluid in your urine can dilute. At the same time, your urine may lack substances that prevent crystals from sticking together, creating an ideal environment for kidney stones to form.